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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Identifying Frailty Using Point-of-Care Ultrasonography: Image Acquisition and Assessment
04:00

Identifying Frailty Using Point-of-Care Ultrasonography: Image Acquisition and Assessment

Published on: July 26, 2024

Multiple fractures in the elderly.

N D Clement1, S Aitken, A D Duckworth

  • 1Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK. nickclement@doctors.org.uk

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume
|February 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple fractures in elderly patients are common, often resulting from falls. These fractures, particularly pelvic or proximal limb breaks, significantly increase one-year mortality risk, especially in younger elderly individuals.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Identifying Frailty Using Point-of-Care Ultrasonography: Image Acquisition and Assessment
04:00

Identifying Frailty Using Point-of-Care Ultrasonography: Image Acquisition and Assessment

Published on: July 26, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Multiple fractures in the elderly are a significant concern.
  • Falls are the primary mechanism of injury in this demographic.
  • Understanding injury patterns and outcomes is crucial for geriatric care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of multiple fractures in individuals aged 65 and older.
  • To describe injury mechanisms, fracture patterns, and management strategies.
  • To assess the associated one-year mortality rate.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective assessment of 2335 patients aged ≥ 65 years over 12 months.
  • Analysis of injury mechanisms, fracture locations, and patient management.
  • Statistical analysis to determine risk factors and mortality rates.

Main Results:

  • 5.1% of elderly patients presented with multiple fractures.
  • Distal radial, proximal humeral, and pelvic fractures were associated with higher risks.
  • Falls accounted for 80.7% of multiple fractures, though only 4.5% were simple falls.
  • Over 80% of patients required hospital admission, with 54% needing increased care post-discharge.
  • One-year mortality was significantly higher for multiple fractures, especially those involving the pelvis, proximal humerus, or proximal femur.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple fractures in the elderly, often caused by falls, are linked to increased mortality.
  • Fracture patterns like pelvic or proximal limb breaks indicate a higher mortality risk.
  • Low-energy trauma leading to multiple fractures serves as a mortality marker in the elderly.