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[Adverse reactions of antituberculous agents, especially about its onset and duration]
H Yamada1, A Yasuoka, K Sasayama
12nd Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University, School of Medicine, Japan.
Abstract:
We examined the adverse reactions of the antituberculous agents in 225 hospitalized patients (150: male, 75: female, average age: 45.4 years old) and the results were summarized as follows: 1) The side effects were seen in 53 patients (23.6%), and the abnormal laboratory findings were observed in 94 patients (41.8%). 2) The incidence of adverse reactions in patients treated with three drugs (INH, RFP, EB) and four drugs (plus SM) were 45.9% and 82.4%, respectively. 3) Adverse reaction appeared within one month after starting treatment in 67.9% of eligible patients, and it disappeared within one month from its onset in 76.8% of patients. There results suggested the importance of careful clinical observation especially soon after starting antituberculous therapy.
Insights
Adverse reactions to tuberculosis drugs are common, affecting over 40% of patients. Most side effects appear within a month of starting treatment and resolve quickly, highlighting the need for close patient monitoring during tuberculosis therapy.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Medicine
Context:
- Tuberculosis remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating effective pharmacotherapy.
- Antituberculous agents are crucial for treatment but can cause adverse reactions.
- Monitoring patient response and tolerability is essential for successful treatment outcomes.
Purpose:
- To investigate the incidence and characteristics of adverse reactions associated with antituberculous agents in hospitalized patients.
- To identify risk factors and temporal patterns of adverse events during tuberculosis treatment.
Summary:
- A study of 225 hospitalized patients revealed that 23.6% experienced adverse reactions and 41.8% had abnormal laboratory findings.
- The incidence of adverse reactions increased significantly with the number of drugs used, from 45.9% for three drugs to 82.4% for four drugs (including streptomycin).
- Most adverse reactions (67.9%) emerged within one month of treatment initiation and resolved within one month of onset (76.8%), emphasizing early-onset and transient nature.
Impact:
- Findings underscore the importance of vigilant clinical observation, particularly in the initial month of antitubercular therapy.
- Results may inform treatment guidelines and patient management strategies to mitigate adverse drug events in tuberculosis care.
- This study contributes to a better understanding of the safety profile of multidrug regimens for tuberculosis.