[Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease]

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is set in 5 stages of increasing severity with a decrease in glomerular filtration rate leading to end stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring a treatment of substitution, dialysis or transplantation. CKD is frequent, it increases with age, and affects one person out of 10 in the general population, and only 4 per 100,000 will reach end-stage renal disease (ESRD). As soon as it occurs, CKD is associated with increased cardiovascular comorbid conditions. Mortality in dialysis is far higher than in the general population. In France, more than 4 billion Euros per year, i.e. 2% of the overall health expenditures, are dedicated to the treatment of 0.11% of the population. It is, therefore at the early stages of CKD that the efforts of screening and prevention of ESRD should be targeted.