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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.

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Acupoint Application Combined with Ear Plaster Therapy for Treating Sleep Disorders with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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Glaucoma and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.

Omar Faridi1, Sung Chul Park, Jeffrey M Liebmann

  • 1Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, NY 10003, USA.

Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
|February 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to glaucoma, independent of eye pressure. This condition may reduce blood flow to the optic nerve, increasing glaucoma risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Physiology

Background:

  • Glaucoma is associated with systemic vascular risk factors, including conditions causing reduced blood flow and ischemia.
  • Vascular risk factors like migraine and atrial fibrillation can decrease ocular perfusion pressure.
  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) disrupts cardiovascular homeostasis during sleep.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and glaucoma.
  • To explore how OSA may contribute to glaucoma development, independent of intraocular pressure.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating the link between OSA and glaucoma.
  • Analysis of physiological mechanisms potentially connecting OSA to reduced ocular perfusion.

Main Results:

  • OSA is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for glaucoma, separate from intraocular pressure.
  • OSA may compromise blood flow to the optic nerve head.
  • This compromised blood flow can decrease ocular perfusion pressure, potentially damaging the optic nerve.

Conclusions:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea is a significant, potentially modifiable risk factor for glaucoma.
  • Understanding the OSA-glaucoma link is crucial for comprehensive glaucoma management.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms involved.