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Related Concept Videos

Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses01:22

Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses

The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity. 
Graded and Abrupt Responses
Some signaling systems generate...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
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Intracellular Signaling Cascades01:24

Intracellular Signaling Cascades

Once a ligand binds to a receptor, the signal is transmitted through the membrane and into the cytoplasm. The continuation of a signal in this manner is called signal transduction. Signal transduction only occurs with cell-surface receptors, which cannot interact with most components of the cell, such as DNA. Only internal receptors can interact directly with DNA in the nucleus to initiate protein synthesis. When a ligand binds to its receptor, conformational changes occur that affect the...
Intracellular Signaling Cascades01:24

Intracellular Signaling Cascades

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Cell Signaling Feedback Loops01:07

Cell Signaling Feedback Loops

Positive and negative feedback loops are crucial for regulating biological signaling systems. These feedback loops are processes that connect output signals to their inputs.
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Output limiter
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Overview of Cell Signaling01:23

Overview of Cell Signaling

Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate with the environment.
Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. For example, skin cells respond to and transmit touch...

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Noise in cellular signaling pathways: causes and effects.

John E Ladbury1, Stefan T Arold

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Unit 1000, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. jeladbury@mdanderson.org

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|February 21, 2012
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Molecular signaling noise, arising from protein-protein interactions, influences cell function. This noise drives cellular outcomes by promoting component clustering and probabilistic signal propagation.

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Systems Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Stochastic fluctuations (noise) in genetic circuits are key to cell function.
  • Noise in cellular signaling networks is observed but poorly understood.
  • The origins and functional impact of signaling noise require elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the origin of noise in cellular signaling networks.
  • To understand how signaling noise shapes cellular outcomes.
  • To propose a framework for viewing signal transduction in the context of molecular noise.

Main Methods:

  • The study proposes a theoretical framework based on the intrinsic promiscuity of protein-protein interactions (PPIs).
  • Analysis of how PPI promiscuity contributes to stochasticity in signaling pathways.
  • Examination of evolutionary and functional consequences of signaling noise.

Main Results:

  • Signaling noise originates from the inherent promiscuity of protein-protein interactions.
  • This noise influences key cellular processes, including component multimerization and clustering.
  • Cellular signaling exhibits probabilistic, rather than strictly linear, signal propagation due to noise.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular noise in signaling networks is a significant factor in cellular function.
  • PPI promiscuity is a primary source of signaling noise.
  • Understanding signaling noise provides a new perspective on cellular signal transduction and phenotypic variation.