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Response preparation in Parkinson's disease: automatic vs. controlled processing.

Jos J Adam1, Bart Scholtissen, Paloma Marí-Beffa

  • 1Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences & School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Maastricht, The Netherlands. jos.adam@maastrichtuniversity.nl

Acta Psychologica
|February 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Parkinson's disease (PD) impairs controlled response preparation, affecting between-hands preparation more than automatic within-hand preparation. Automatic processes are spared, while controlled ones slow down in PD patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Movement Disorders

Background:

  • Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting motor function.
  • Response preparation is crucial for efficient motor control and involves both automatic and controlled processes.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated how PD affects different types of response preparation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate response preparation deficits in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD).
  • To differentiate the impact of PD on automatic (within-hand) versus controlled (between-hands) response preparation.
  • To examine the role of preparation interval duration on response preparation in PD.

Main Methods:

  • A finger cuing paradigm was employed with 20 non-demented individuals with PD and 20 healthy controls.
  • Participants performed tasks with short (500 ms) and long (2000 ms) preparation intervals.
  • Reaction times (RTs) and error rates were measured to assess performance under different preparatory cue conditions (within-hand vs. between-hands).

Main Results:

  • PD participants exhibited significantly longer RTs and higher error rates compared to controls.
  • Individuals with PD showed a significant deficit in between-hands preparation, but not in within-hand preparation.
  • Longer preparation intervals slowed RTs in controls but not in PD participants.

Conclusions:

  • Automatic response preparation processes appear to be preserved in Parkinson's disease.
  • Controlled response preparation processes are impaired in PD, operating at a slower rate or experiencing delays.
  • These findings highlight specific cognitive-motor deficits in PD related to the control of response preparation.