Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with X-rays, and by 1900, X-ray was widely...
X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal crystal...
X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Author Correction: Magnetoreception in a freshwater ciliate arises from endosymbiosis.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

AlignPCA-2D: PCA-reduced Euclidean vector alignment for 2D classification in cryo-EM.

Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology·2026
Same author

Rational acquisition of laboratory equipment: an accurate mathematical model to estimate the trade-offs in shared and nonshared equipment.

Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology·2026
Same author

Intracellular Amorphous Calcium Carbonate Biomineralization in Methanotrophic Gammaproteobacteria Was Acquired by Horizontal Gene Transfer From Cyanobacteria.

Environmental microbiology·2026
Same author

Entopic starburst in vision: revisiting the role of diffractive lens suture patterns.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2026
Same author

Magnetoreception in a freshwater ciliate arises from endosymbiosis.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Ultrastructural evidence of autophagy-related processes and mitochondrial remodeling in the myxozoan parasite Henneguya piaractus.

Journal of structural biology·2026
Same journal

Architecture and dynamics of a supramolecular oxygen transport system in human homogentisate 1,2-Dioxygenase.

Journal of structural biology·2026
Same journal

Connecting pathways between mineralized fibrocartilage and bone at the Achilles tendon insertion.

Journal of structural biology·2026
Same journal

Structural and functional characterization of thermostable EstS1 esterase for BHET degradation.

Journal of structural biology·2026
Same journal

Following the white rabbit: multiscale 2D3D correlative imaging of bone structure.

Journal of structural biology·2026
Same journal

The mantis shrimp eye imaged in 3D using 4th generation synchrotron multiscale phase contrast tomography.

Journal of structural biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

A 3D Cartographic Description of the Cell by Cryo Soft X-ray Tomography
08:47

A 3D Cartographic Description of the Cell by Cryo Soft X-ray Tomography

Published on: March 15, 2021

Image formation in cellular X-ray microscopy.

Joaquin Oton1, C O S Sorzano, Eva Pereiro

  • 1Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Calle Darwin, 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain.

Journal of Structural Biology
|February 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Soft X-ray Tomography (TomoX) microscopy images hydrated biological specimens in 3D. This study develops an improved image formation model to enhance reconstruction accuracy by accounting for X-ray micrograph approximations under incoherent illumination.

More Related Videos

Preparing Adherent Cells for X-ray Fluorescence Imaging by Chemical Fixation
07:54

Preparing Adherent Cells for X-ray Fluorescence Imaging by Chemical Fixation

Published on: March 12, 2015

Visualization of Organelles In Situ by Cryo-STEM Tomography
08:37

Visualization of Organelles In Situ by Cryo-STEM Tomography

Published on: June 23, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

A 3D Cartographic Description of the Cell by Cryo Soft X-ray Tomography
08:47

A 3D Cartographic Description of the Cell by Cryo Soft X-ray Tomography

Published on: March 15, 2021

Preparing Adherent Cells for X-ray Fluorescence Imaging by Chemical Fixation
07:54

Preparing Adherent Cells for X-ray Fluorescence Imaging by Chemical Fixation

Published on: March 12, 2015

Visualization of Organelles In Situ by Cryo-STEM Tomography
08:37

Visualization of Organelles In Situ by Cryo-STEM Tomography

Published on: June 23, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Microscopy
  • Imaging Science

Background:

  • Soft X-ray Tomography (TomoX) bridges resolution gaps between confocal and electron microscopy.
  • It enables 3D imaging of hydrated biological specimens near their native state, avoiding chemical pre-treatment.
  • Accurate tomographic reconstruction relies on precise projection data, which X-ray micrographs approximate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an improved image formation model for Soft X-ray Tomography.
  • To mitigate reconstruction inaccuracies arising from approximations in X-ray micrographs.
  • To incorporate the assumption of incoherent illumination into the image formation process.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel image formation model for TomoX.
  • Incorporation of the incoherent illumination approximation.
  • Application of the model to mitigate tomographic reconstruction inaccuracies.

Main Results:

  • The developed model addresses inaccuracies in X-ray micrograph projections.
  • It provides a more accurate basis for tomographic reconstruction in TomoX.
  • The approach accounts for specimen absorption coefficients more effectively.

Conclusions:

  • The new image formation model enhances the accuracy of Soft X-ray Tomography.
  • This advancement is crucial for elucidating molecular and organelle-level organization.
  • The technique offers improved 3D structural insights into hydrated biological samples.