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Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output01:19

Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output

Cardiac Output
Cardiac output (CO) refers to the total amount of blood ejected by one of the ventricles in liters per minute (L/min). In a resting adult, CO ranges from 5 to 6 L/min, adjusting according to the body's metabolic requirements.
Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output
Cardiac output adapts to metabolic demands during stress, physical activity, or illness. The autonomic nervous system regulates heart rate via the sinoatrial node. The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart rate...
Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance01:29

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan

Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray

The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they produce ions...
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Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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Voluntary Breath-hold Technique for Reducing Heart Dose in Left Breast Radiotherapy
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The effect of radiotherapy on cardiac function.

Sait Mesut Dogan1, Hediye Madak Bilici, Hakan Bakkal

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey. smdogan@yahoo.com

Coronary Artery Disease
|February 21, 2012
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Summary

Radiotherapy (RT) negatively impacts heart function, affecting both systolic and diastolic parameters, as well as electrical conduction. Protecting the heart during RT is crucial for patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Oncology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Radiation-induced heart disease is a known complication of thoracic radiotherapy.
  • Tumors near the heart require careful consideration of cardiac side effects.
  • Radiotherapy can affect cardiac structure and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the cardiac effects of radiotherapy.
  • To compare conventional and tissue Doppler echocardiography parameters before and after RT.
  • To assess changes in cardiac function and electrical activity post-radiotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Included 40 patients undergoing RT for lung or left breast cancer.
  • Performed ECG and echocardiography (conventional and tissue Doppler) pre- and post-RT.
  • Analyzed parameters including diastolic velocities, ejection fraction, and QTc interval.

Main Results:

  • Mean heart radiation dose was 13.1±2.2 Gy.
  • Significant decreases observed in early diastolic velocity (E), E/A ratio, ejection fraction (EF), Em, and Em/Am.
  • Increases noted in E-wave deceleration time, isovolumic relaxation time, isovolumic contraction time, ejection time, and QTc interval.

Conclusions:

  • Radiotherapy has detrimental effects on cardiac systolic and diastolic function.
  • RT adversely impacts the heart's electrical conduction system.
  • Maximal cardiac protection strategies are essential during radiotherapy.