Isolated coronal split fracture of the trapezium.

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic surgery
• Hand surgery
• Trauma care

Background:

• Trapezium fractures are rare, comprising less than 5% of all carpal fractures.
• Vertical sagittal fractures (Type IV) represent about 20% of trapezium fractures.
• Coronal fractures of the trapezium are an unclassified and previously unreported pattern.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a novel case of a coronal fracture of the trapezium.
• To describe the successful treatment of this rare fracture pattern.
• To contribute to the understanding of trapezium bone injuries.

Main Methods:

• Surgical treatment involving open reduction and internal fixation.
• Utilized Kirschner wires for stabilization.
• Employed ligamentotaxis via an external fixator for joint stability.

Main Results:

• Successful anatomical reduction and stable fixation of the coronal trapezium fracture.
• Achieved satisfactory bone healing and functional recovery.
• Demonstrated the feasibility of the chosen surgical technique for this rare injury.

Conclusions:

• Coronal fractures of the trapezium represent a distinct and previously undocumented injury pattern.
• Open reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wires and external fixator-assisted ligamentotaxis is an effective treatment for this fracture.
• This case expands the spectrum of known trapezium fractures and their management.