Central visual field changes after panretinal photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Diabetic Retinopathy Research
• Visual Field Analysis

Background:

• Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a severe complication of diabetes.
• Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) is a standard treatment for PDR.
• Understanding the precise impact of PRP application zones on visual function is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate visual field alterations in PDR patients treated with PRP.
• To compare the effects of different PRP application margins on visual field sensitivity.
• To evaluate the impact of PRP on central visual field sensitivity and regression of neovascularization.

Main Methods:

• A comparative study involving 53 eyes with PDR, divided into two groups (A and B).
• Both groups received PRP, with variations in the proximity of the laser application to the fovea and optic disc.
• Visual field testing was conducted to assess central 15 and 30-degree visual fields and quadrant-specific sensitivity.

Main Results:

• Group B showed a statistically significant improvement in retinal sensitivity within the central 15 degrees of the visual field post-PRP (p < 0.01).
• Both groups experienced visual field deterioration in the 30-degree visual field, more pronounced in group A.
• Group B exhibited superior retinal sensitivity in both 15 and 30-degree visual fields compared to group A post-treatment.

Conclusions:

• Strategic modification of PRP application margins, specifically sparing more of the papillomacular bundle and nasal optic disc, may enhance visual field outcomes in PDR.
• While PRP effectively treats PDR, careful consideration of treatment zones can mitigate visual field deficits.
• No significant differences were observed in neovascularization regression or visual acuity between the two PRP application methods.