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Updated: May 24, 2026

Peptide-derived Method to Transport Genes and Proteins Across Cellular and Organellar Barriers in Plants
Published on: December 16, 2016
Bioactive bead-mediated transformation of plants with large DNA fragments
Naoki Wada1, Joyce A Cartagena, Naruemon Khemkladngoen
1Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
Abstract:
The efficient transformation of plants with large DNA molecules containing a set of useful genes would provide vast possibilities for the genetic improvement of agricultural as well as nonagricultural plants. The development of the bioactive beads (BABs) transformation method has proven useful for introduction of large DNA molecules into plant cells. In this chapter, the BABs transformation method used for the transformation of a 100-kb BAC DNA construct containing wheat genes into rice will be presented. Furthermore, the improved production method for BABs will be described. With the conventional method for producing BABs, the bead size varies, and the larger beads tend to carry fewer DNA molecules than the smaller beads. Thus, in order to facilitate the preparation of BABs with more uniform sizes, a simple set-up -composed of a sine wave sound generator and microsyringe pump was fabricated. Using this bead-maker set-up, uniform and smaller beads could be produced which enhance the transformation efficiency.
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