Cellular human and viral DNA detection by nonisotopic in situ hybridization
1Nuffield Department of Pathology and Bacteriology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|February 22, 2012
Summary
In situ hybridization detects nucleic acids within cells and tissues. Advances have made nonisotopic in situ hybridization (NISH) a practical tool for routine laboratory testing.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
- Cell Biology
Background:
- In situ hybridization involves detecting nucleic acids within their biological context.
- Early methods used radiolabeled probes, requiring specialized handling.
- The technique was first described in 1969.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define in situ hybridization and its historical development.
- To highlight the transition of the technique to routine laboratory use.
Main Methods:
- Detection of nucleic acids within cells, tissues, chromosomes, and organelles.
- Utilized radiolabeled probes in initial descriptions.
- Modern adaptations employ nonisotopic probe labeling and detection.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated repetitive ribosomal sequences in Xenopus oocyte nuclei using early methods.
- Technological advancements have simplified probe labeling and detection.
Conclusions:
- Nonisotopic in situ hybridization (NISH) is now suitable for routine laboratory diagnostics.
- Refinements have eliminated the need for radiation safety protocols.
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In situ hybridization (ISH) is a technique used to detect and localize specific DNA or RNA molecules in cells, tissue, or tissue sections using a labeled probe. The technique was first used in 1969 for the investigation of nucleic acids. It is currently an essential tool in scientific research and clinical settings, especially for diagnostic purposes.
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A probe is a complementary strand of DNA or RNA that binds to corresponding nucleotide sequences in a cell. Many...
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