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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...

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Discovery of Driver Genes in Colorectal HT29-derived Cancer Stem-Like Tumorspheres
06:52

Discovery of Driver Genes in Colorectal HT29-derived Cancer Stem-Like Tumorspheres

Published on: July 22, 2020

Epigenetics of solid cancer stem cells.

Alok Mishra1, Mukesh Verma

  • 1Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research (ACBR), Delhi University, Delhi, India.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|February 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetics and genetics play a crucial role in stem cell formation and the origin of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Understanding these mechanisms offers new avenues for cancer treatment strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • * Integrative biology and molecular oncology.
  • * Focus on the intersection of epigenetics, genetics, and stem cell biology.

Background:

  • * Carcinogenesis, the process of cancer development, is increasingly explained by epigenetic factors.
  • * Emerging theories propose that cancer may originate from a stem cell process.
  • * Stem cells are implicated in tumor initiation and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To explore the roles of epigenetics and genetics in the formation of stem cells.
  • * To review theories regarding the origin of cancer stem cells (CSCs).
  • * To examine epigenetic mechanisms within solid CSCs and discuss therapeutic implications.

Main Methods:

  • * Literature review and synthesis of current research on epigenetics, stem cells, and cancer.
  • * Analysis of theoretical models for CSC origins.
  • * Examination of epigenetic modifications in solid tumor-derived CSCs.

Main Results:

  • * Epigenetic and genetic factors are fundamental to stem cell development and their aberrant roles in cancer.
  • * Multiple theories exist regarding the genesis of CSCs, highlighting their heterogeneity.
  • * Specific epigenetic mechanisms are identified in solid CSCs, offering potential therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

  • * Epigenetics is pivotal in understanding cancer development, particularly through the lens of stem cell biology.
  • * Further research into CSCs and their epigenetic regulation is essential for advancing cancer therapy.
  • * Targeting epigenetic pathways in CSCs holds promise for novel and effective cancer treatments.