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Updated: May 24, 2026

Transauricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Electroencephalographic Assessment in Disorders of Consciousness
Published on: July 11, 2025
The neuroethics of non-invasive brain stimulation
Roi Cohen Kadosh1, Neil Levy, Jacinta O'Shea
1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Abstract:
Transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) is a brain stimulation tool that is portable, painless, inexpensive, apparently safe, and with potential long-term efficacy. Recent results obtained from TDCS experiments offer exciting possibilities for the enhancement and treatment of normal or impaired abilities, respectively. We discuss new neuroethical problems that have emerged from the usage of TDCS, and also focus on one of the most likely future applications of TDCS: enhancing learning and cognition in children with typical and atypical development.

