Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Supercomplexes in the Crista Membrane01:41

The Supercomplexes in the Crista Membrane

The mitochondrial cristae membrane is the primary site for the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) process of energy conversion mediated through respiratory complexes I to V. These complexes have been widely studied for decades, and it has been proven that they form supramolecular structures called respiratory supercomplexes (SC). These higher-order complexes may be crucial in maintaining the biochemical structure and improving the physiological activity of the individual complexes while...
Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides02:17

Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides

Thiols and sulfides are sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers, respectively, where the sulfur atom takes the place of the oxygen atom. Thus, thiols are generally represented as RSH, where R is an alkyl substituent and —SH is the functional group. On the other hand, in sulfides, the central sulfur atom is bonded to two hydrocarbon groups on either side. Depending upon the type of group, sulfides can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. Both thiols and sulfides display a bent geometry, similar...
Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Protein Folding01:22

Protein Folding

Overview
Protein Folding01:25

Protein Folding

Proteins are chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Upon synthesis, a protein folds into a three-dimensional conformation, critical to its biological function. Interactions between its constituent amino acids guide protein folding, and hence the protein structure is primarily dependent on its amino acid sequence.
Protein Structure Is Critical to Its Biological Function
Proteins perform a wide range of biological functions such as catalyzing chemical reactions, providing...
Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Nature-inspired molecular design of antiepileptic molecule.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same author

Photoinduced morphological transformation in azobenzene-cored hybrid peptides.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same author

Visualizing Biomolecules within Living Microglia in Complex Environments Using a Clickable Small Fluorogenic Compound.

ACS chemical neuroscience·2026
Same author

Covalent Surface Modification by Amino Acid Derivatives Improved the Surface Thromboresistance in Glutaraldehyde-Processed Bovine Pericardium for Use as a Heart Valve Leaflet.

ACS biomaterials science & engineering·2026
Same author

Phenyl Urea as an Aglet for Stabilizing Trans Proline: A Mimic of Ile-Phe Zipper.

Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology·2025
Same author

Development of Dipeptide-Based Liquid Droplets and Fibrils as Enzyme-Mimics.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same journal

3-Methyleneazetidine: a versatile building block for functional and post-modifiable polysulfonamides.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Synthesis of divalent galactosyl and fucosyl spiropyran derivatives for the targeted inhibition of bacterial biofilms.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Emergent cytotoxicity and mitochondrial alterations induced by a heterobimetallic Re(I)/Au(I) complex.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Cyanoacetylation of amines <i>via</i> a traceless cyanoacetyl radical: synthetic access to teriflunomide.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Loading layered double hydroxide nanoarray catalysts on a micro-curved substrate for kinetics-favorable water electrolysis reaction.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Bridging <i>in situ</i> measurements and practical conditions through gas-liquid management for CO/CO<sub>2</sub> reduction.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Synthesis and Characterization of 1,2-Dithiolane Modified Self-Assembling Peptides
09:54

Synthesis and Characterization of 1,2-Dithiolane Modified Self-Assembling Peptides

Published on: August 20, 2018

Hierarchical organization from self-assembling disulfide macrocycles.

V Haridas1, Srikanta Sahu, Appa Rao Sapala

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016, India. h_haridas@hotmail.com

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|February 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel cystine-based macrocycles exhibit unique self-assembly. Macrocycle 3 forms helical tubes, while macrocycle 4 creates vesicles capable of encapsulation.

More Related Videos

Production of Disulfide-stabilized Transmembrane Peptide Complexes for Structural Studies
12:05

Production of Disulfide-stabilized Transmembrane Peptide Complexes for Structural Studies

Published on: March 6, 2013

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides
07:26

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides

Published on: November 21, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Synthesis and Characterization of 1,2-Dithiolane Modified Self-Assembling Peptides
09:54

Synthesis and Characterization of 1,2-Dithiolane Modified Self-Assembling Peptides

Published on: August 20, 2018

Production of Disulfide-stabilized Transmembrane Peptide Complexes for Structural Studies
12:05

Production of Disulfide-stabilized Transmembrane Peptide Complexes for Structural Studies

Published on: March 6, 2013

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides
07:26

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides

Published on: November 21, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular chemistry
  • Materials science
  • Organic chemistry

Background:

  • Self-assembling molecules are crucial for developing advanced materials.
  • Macrocyclic compounds offer unique structural and functional properties.
  • Disulfide bonds provide stability and tunable characteristics in molecular designs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel cystine-based macrocyclic compounds.
  • To investigate the self-assembly behavior of these macrocycles.
  • To explore potential applications in materials science and encapsulation.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of 24-membered (3) and 48-membered (4) disulfide macrocycles.
  • Characterization using techniques like NMR and mass spectrometry.
  • Analysis of self-assembly through microscopy and birefringence tests.

Main Results:

  • Macrocycle 3 self-assembles into helical, tubular structures.
  • Macrocycle 3 forms Congo red-positive, birefringent plaques, indicating potential amyloid-like properties.
  • Macrocycle 4 self-assembles into vesicle-like structures.
  • Macrocycle 4 demonstrated encapsulation capabilities using rhodamine B.

Conclusions:

  • Cystine-based macrocycles display distinct self-assembly behaviors.
  • The size and structure of the macrocycle dictate the assembly outcome (tubular vs. vesicular).
  • These compounds show promise for applications in nanotechnology and drug delivery systems.