Osteochondral regeneration by a bilayered construct in a cell-free or cell-based approach
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Updated: May 24, 2026

Establishment and Evaluation of a Sheep Model of Full-thickness Osteochondral Defect
Published on: April 14, 2026
Zheng Cao1, Shuxun Hou, Daming Sun
1Departments of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China. caozheng_81@163.com
Abstract:
A bilayered construct with or without adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) was applied to repair full-thickness defects in the patellar groove of 18 rabbits. Non-treated and treated defects were divided into three groups: a control group (n = 12), a cell-free group (n = 12) and a cell-based group (n = 12). Histological appearance and grading were evaluated at 8 and 12 weeks. At 12 weeks, osteochondral-like tissues completely filled in the defects and integrated with host tissues in the cell-based group. The semi-quantitative score of the cell-based group (4.2 ± 1.2), which is a total score ranging from 0 (best) to 20 (worst), was significantly better than that of the other two groups (cell-free: 13.8 ± 2.5; control: 10.3 ± 2.4). This finding indicated that the bilayered constructs combined with ASCs could be an effective way to enhance osteochondral regeneration.
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