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In Vivo Visualization of Spontaneous Activity in Neonatal Mouse Sensory Cortex at a Single-Neuron Resolution

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The development and activity-dependent expression of aggrecan in the cat visual cortex.

P C Kind¹, F Sengpiel, C J Beaver

¹Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

|February 28, 2012

Summary

Aggrecan, a protein in the cat visual cortex, increases with reduced plasticity during development. Its expression is experience-dependent, suggesting a role in the sensitive period

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Visual System Plasticity

Background:

Aggrecan, identified by Cat-301 antibody, is a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan found in the cat visual cortex and dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN).
Aggrecan expression in the dLGN increases during development, coinciding with a decrease in neural plasticity.
Previous studies indicated aggrecan expression is activity-dependent and may influence the termination of sensitive periods in visual development.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the correlation between aggrecan expression in the cat visual cortex (area 17) and the decline in experience-dependent plasticity.
To determine if aggrecan expression in area 17 is experience-dependent.

Main Methods:

Utilized the Cat-301 monoclonal antibody to identify and quantify aggrecan-positive neurons in feline visual cortex.
Employed dark-rearing paradigms in cats until 15 weeks of age to assess the impact of visual experience on aggrecan expression.
Investigated the reversibility of aggrecan expression changes by exposing previously dark-reared cats to light.

Main Results:

Aggrecan expression in area 17 correlates with the decline in experience-dependent plasticity.
Dark rearing significantly reduced aggrecan-positive neuron density in extragranular layers, but not layer IV, of the visual cortex.
The reduction in aggrecan expression due to early visual deprivation was reversible upon subsequent light exposure.

Conclusions:

Aggrecan expression in the visual cortex is experience-dependent and linked to the critical period for visual development.
This study provides the first biochemical evidence (aggrecan changes) correlating with functional alterations in the GABAergic system following early visual deprivation in cats.