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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
Tonsillitis I: Introduction01:30

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...

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Related Experiment Videos

Rheumatic Fever.

Ma Binotto1, L Guilherme, Ac Tanaka

  • 1Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Images in Paediatric Cardiology
|February 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease following group A streptococcal infections in susceptible individuals, causes chronic rheumatic heart disease, a major global health issue. This review covers its causes, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.

Keywords:
arthritisautoimmunityrheumatic feverrheumatic heart diseasestreptococcus

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Rheumatic fever is an immune-mediated inflammatory condition.
  • It arises after group A streptococcal throat infections in genetically predisposed people.
  • Chronic rheumatic heart disease is a significant public health concern, particularly in developing nations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the aetiopathogenesis of rheumatic fever.
  • To outline current guidelines for diagnosing acute rheumatic fever.
  • To discuss strategies for preventing and treating rheumatic fever.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of aetiopathogenesis.
  • Synthesis of diagnostic criteria.
  • Compilation of prevention and treatment guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Rheumatic fever results from an aberrant immune response to streptococcal infection.
  • Genetic susceptibility plays a crucial role in disease development.
  • Effective diagnosis, prevention, and treatment are vital to reduce rheumatic heart disease burden.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding rheumatic fever's pathogenesis is key to effective management.
  • Adherence to guidelines can mitigate the impact of rheumatic heart disease.
  • Public health initiatives focusing on prevention and early treatment are essential.