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Screening: mapping medicine's temporal spaces.

David Armstrong¹

¹Department of Primary Care and Public Health Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 3QD, UK. david.armstrong@kcl.ac.uk

Sociology of Health & Illness

|February 29, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Population screening, initially for early disease detection in schools and military, evolved to target chronic illnesses. Enthusiasm waned post-1980s due to multifactorial diseases and harm analysis, shifting focus to healthy patient surveillance.

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Area of Science:

Medical History
Public Health
Epidemiology

Background:

Population screening emerged in the inter-war period for school health examinations.
The strategy expanded to military recruits during World War II.
Post-war, screening targeted civilian chronic illnesses with clear temporal progression.

Observation:

Medical community enthusiasm for population screening declined significantly since the 1980s.
Opportunistic screening gained favor for multifactorial diseases.
Surviving programs faced increased scrutiny regarding potential harms.

Findings:

Screening identified early disease precursors in seemingly healthy populations.
This practice marked a shift towards clinical surveillance of 'healthy' individuals.
It introduced new temporal frameworks for understanding illness.

Implications:

The evolution of screening reshaped clinical practice and public health strategies.
Understanding the historical context of screening is crucial for current health policy.
The shift towards surveillance highlights changing perceptions of health and disease.