Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Signs of Puberty01:27

Signs of Puberty

Puberty is a critical phase, typically beginning between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys, though timing can vary based on genetics, environmental factors, and overall health. This period is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the attainment of reproductive potential. Endocrine changes underpin puberty, with hormonal surges of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) instigated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Creation of an Individualized School Plan for Optimal Inclusion of Students with Osteogenesis Imperfecta.

Physical & occupational therapy in pediatrics·2024
Same author

Recommendations for High-resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography Assessment of Bone Density, Microarchitecture, and Strength in Pediatric Populations.

Current osteoporosis reports·2023
Same author

Cortical bone material / compositional properties in growing children and young adults aged 1.5-23 years, as a function of gender, age, metabolic activity, and growth spurt.

Bone·2022
Same author

Histomorphometric and microarchitectural analysis of bone in metastatic breast cancer patients.

Bone reports·2021
Same author

Genetic factors contributing to late adverse musculoskeletal effects in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors.

The pharmacogenomics journal·2021
Same author

Craniocervical abnormalities in osteogenesis imperfecta type V.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones
06:58

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones

Published on: April 26, 2019

The dynamics of bone structure development during pubertal growth.

F Rauch1

  • 1Shriners Hospital for Children, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. frauch@shriners.mcgill.ca

Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions
|March 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary

During puberty, rapid bone growth in length creates a mismatch in the distal radius, increasing fracture risk. This occurs because bone structure doesn't strengthen sufficiently to meet rising mechanical demands.

More Related Videos

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification
07:23

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification

Published on: December 3, 2016

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones
06:58

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones

Published on: April 26, 2019

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification
07:23

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification

Published on: December 3, 2016

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Developmental Biology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Pubertal growth involves rapid changes in bone length, mass, and structure.
  • Metaphyses and diaphyses of long bones are key areas of study.
  • Distal radius fractures are common during puberty.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a model explaining the high incidence of distal radius fractures during puberty.
  • To investigate the relationship between longitudinal growth speed and metaphyseal bone age gradient.
  • To explore the discrepancy between bone strength and mechanical requirements.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a theoretical model.
  • Analysis of bone structural changes during pubertal growth.
  • Comparison of metaphyseal and diaphyseal bone development.

Main Results:

  • Accelerated longitudinal growth reduces time for cortical thickening in the metaphysis.
  • This leads to a mismatch between bone strength and mechanical demands.
  • Diaphyseal bone development aligns better with increasing mechanical needs.

Conclusions:

  • The speed of longitudinal growth and metaphyseal age gradient are key factors in distal radius fractures.
  • Metaphyseal bone structure may not adapt quickly enough to increasing mechanical loads during puberty.
  • Integration of local and systemic signals for site-specific bone changes requires further research.