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Anterior cerebral artery and Heubner's artery territory infarction

Kazunori Toyoda1

  • 1Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan. toyoda@hsp.ncvc.go.jp

Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience
|March 2, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Anterior cerebral artery (ACA) strokes are rare ischemic events. Symptoms like leg weakness, behavioral changes, and headache depend on the affected brain area and cause, such as ACA dissection.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Vascular Neurology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Anterior cerebral artery (ACA) territory strokes represent a small percentage (0.5-3%) of all ischemic strokes.
  • Etiological mechanisms and prevalence vary significantly across different racial groups.
  • ACA dissection is a notable cause, particularly in Japan.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the clinical presentation and etiological factors of ACA territory strokes.
  • To highlight the diverse neurological and behavioral symptoms associated with ACA involvement.
  • To differentiate common symptoms based on the specific vascular territories affected within the ACA.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on ACA territory strokes.
  • Analysis of reported symptoms, causes, and demographic variations.
  • Correlation of clinical signs with specific neuroanatomical damage patterns.

Main Results:

  • Predominant leg weakness is a common symptom, linked to paracentral lobule damage.
  • Arm/face weakness suggests involvement of Heubner's artery or medial striate arteries.
  • Other frequent symptoms include akinetic mutism, behavioral disorders (grasp reflex, alien hand sign), transcortical aphasia, urinary incontinence, and non-throbbing headache (especially with dissection).

Conclusions:

  • ACA strokes present with a wide spectrum of neurological deficits.
  • Understanding the specific symptoms aids in localizing the stroke and identifying the underlying cause.
  • ACA dissection warrants consideration, particularly when associated with headache.

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