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Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or basic...

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Updated: May 24, 2026

Ion-Exchange Membranes for the Fabrication of Reverse Electrodialysis Device

Ion-Exchange Membranes for the Fabrication of Reverse Electrodialysis Device

Published on: July 20, 2021

Metal-cation-based anion exchange membranes.

Yongping Zha¹, Melanie L Disabb-Miller, Zachary D Johnson

¹Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|March 6, 2012

Summary

Researchers developed novel metal-cation-based anion exchange membranes (AEMs) using ruthenium complexes. These new AEMs demonstrate promising conductivity and stability for various applications.

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Ion-Exchange Membranes for the Fabrication of Reverse Electrodialysis Device

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Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

Published on: February 23, 2017

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Polymer Chemistry
Electrochemistry

Background:

Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are crucial for electrochemical devices like fuel cells.
Traditional AEMs often rely on quaternary ammonium or phosphonium cations.
Developing AEMs with improved stability and performance is an ongoing research area.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and characterize the first metal-cation-based anion exchange membranes (AEMs).
To evaluate the potential of ruthenium-based complexes in AEM applications.
To compare the performance of these novel AEMs with conventional ones.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of AEMs via copolymerization and cross-linking of a norbornene monomer functionalized with a bis(terpyridine)ruthenium(II) complex and dicyclopentadiene.
Characterization of membrane properties including anion conductivity, mechanical strength, alkaline stability, and methanol tolerance.
Investigation of the unique counteranion association in the metal-cation system.

Main Results:

The synthesized metal-cation-based AEMs exhibited anion conductivities comparable to traditional quaternary-ammonium-based AEMs.
The membranes demonstrated good mechanical properties and notable alkaline stability.
Excellent methanol tolerance was observed in the new AEMs.
The ruthenium complexes featured two associated counteranions, differing from single cation-anion pairs in conventional AEMs.

Conclusions:

Metal-cation-based polymers represent a promising new class of materials for anion-conducting applications.
The developed ruthenium-based AEMs offer a viable alternative to existing membrane technologies.
Further research into metal-cation-based materials could lead to advancements in electrochemical energy systems.