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Related Concept Videos

Cell Motility through Blebbing01:16

Cell Motility through Blebbing

Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Microtubule Instability02:17

Microtubule Instability

Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated assembly and...
Microtubule Instability02:17

Microtubule Instability

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Anaphase A and B01:39

Anaphase A and B

Microtubules form through the end-to-end polymerization of tubulin heterodimers. Kinetochore microtubules originate from the spindle poles, and their plus-ends connect with the kinetochores on sister-chromatids. Ndc80 protein complexes, present on the kinetochore, form low-affinity links with the plus end of these kinetochore microtubules.
Plus-end depolymerization releases tubulin heterodimers from the terminal region of the microtubule. As tubulin subunits are lost, the Ndc80 complexes detach...
Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Extracting Modified Microtubules from Mammalian Cells to Study Microtubule-Protein Complexes by Cryo-Electron Microscopy
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Extracting Modified Microtubules from Mammalian Cells to Study Microtubule-Protein Complexes by Cryo-Electron Microscopy

Published on: March 3, 2023

Microtubules cut loose at the cell cortex.

David J Sharp1, Brian O'Rourke, Dong Zhang

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.

Fly
|March 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary

A microtubule-severing enzyme, Kat-60, suppresses microtubule growth at the cell cortex. This regulation influences cell division, shape, and movement by activating other depolymerases.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Cytoskeletal Dynamics
  • Molecular Motors

Background:

  • Microtubule reorganization is crucial for cellular functions.
  • The cell cortex regulates microtubule dynamics at the cell edge.
  • Selective stabilization/destabilization of microtubule plus-ends is vital for cell division, morphogenesis, and migration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Kat-60 in regulating microtubule dynamics at the cell cortex.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which Kat-60 influences microtubule stability and growth.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Drosophila S2 and D17 cell lines.
  • Investigated the localization and function of Kat-60 at the cell cortex.
  • Proposed a model for Kat-60's mechanism of action involving KLP10A.

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Preparation of Segmented Microtubules to Study Motions Driven by the Disassembling Microtubule Ends
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Preparation of Segmented Microtubules to Study Motions Driven by the Disassembling Microtubule Ends

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Multi-Photon Laser Ablation of Cytoplasmic Microtubule Organizing Centers in Mouse Oocytes
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Multi-Photon Laser Ablation of Cytoplasmic Microtubule Organizing Centers in Mouse Oocytes

Published on: November 11, 2022

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Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Extracting Modified Microtubules from Mammalian Cells to Study Microtubule-Protein Complexes by Cryo-Electron Microscopy
08:02

Extracting Modified Microtubules from Mammalian Cells to Study Microtubule-Protein Complexes by Cryo-Electron Microscopy

Published on: March 3, 2023

Preparation of Segmented Microtubules to Study Motions Driven by the Disassembling Microtubule Ends
12:20

Preparation of Segmented Microtubules to Study Motions Driven by the Disassembling Microtubule Ends

Published on: March 15, 2014

Multi-Photon Laser Ablation of Cytoplasmic Microtubule Organizing Centers in Mouse Oocytes
08:24

Multi-Photon Laser Ablation of Cytoplasmic Microtubule Organizing Centers in Mouse Oocytes

Published on: November 11, 2022

Main Results:

  • Kat-60 is localized to the cell cortex and actively suppresses microtubule growth.
  • Kat-60 functions by uncapping microtubule plus-ends, activating KLP10A.
  • This localized microtubule destruction impacts regulatory pathways controlling cell shape and motility.

Conclusions:

  • Cortical Kat-60 is a key regulator of microtubule dynamics.
  • Kat-60's action influences cytoskeletal regulation, affecting cell polarization and motility.
  • Understanding Kat-60 function provides insights into fundamental cellular processes.