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Related Concept Videos

Hiatal Hernia01:25

Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease01:25

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the backward flow of stomach contents (acid, pepsin, or bile) into the esophagus, causing mucosal inflammation known as esophagitis. It results from failure of antireflux mechanisms, mainly the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), influenced by mechanical and physiological factors.Etiology and Risk FactorsGERD develops when LES function is weakened or when intra-abdominal pressure increases. Risk factors include aging, obesity, and sliding hiatal hernia,...
Esophageal Achalasia01:27

Esophageal Achalasia

Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)...
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease I: Meaning and Pathophysiology01:29

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease I: Meaning and Pathophysiology

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) involves the recurrent backflow of the stomach or duodenal contents into the esophagus, leading to troublesome symptoms and potential esophageal mucosal damage. Although GERD is often referred to as a disease, it is more accurately described as a syndrome, as it encompasses a range of symptoms and complications rather than a singular pathological entity, impacting a large number of individuals as the most prevalent upper gastrointestinal problem. Roughly...
Pyloric Obstruction01:11

Pyloric Obstruction

Pyloric obstruction, also referred to as gastric outlet obstruction, is a condition characterized by narrowing or blockage at the pylorus—the muscular valve regulating the flow of stomach contents into the duodenum. When this passage becomes impaired, the stomach cannot effectively empty its contents into the small intestine. This disruption leads to a range of gastrointestinal symptoms, including early satiety, bloating, epigastric pain, postprandial nausea, persistent vomiting, and...
Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Laparoscopic Repair of Para-Esophageal Hernia Using Absorbable Biosynthetic Mesh
10:52

Laparoscopic Repair of Para-Esophageal Hernia Using Absorbable Biosynthetic Mesh

Published on: September 11, 2021

Parastomal hernia causing gastric emphysema.

C Ilyas1, A L Young, M Lewis

  • 1Scarborough and North East Yorkshire Healthcare NHS Trust, UK.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
|March 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A parastomal hernia, a complication of ostomy surgery, can lead to stomach incarceration. This rare but serious condition requires prompt medical attention.

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Last Updated: May 24, 2026

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Endoscopic Vacuum Therapy for the Treatment of Anastomotic Leakage after Total Gastrectomy with Esophagojejunostomy
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Abdominal Wall Surgery

Background:

  • Parastomal hernias are a known complication following ostomy creation.
  • These hernias occur when abdominal contents protrude through the surgical site around the stoma.
  • While common, specific complications like gastric incarceration are infrequent.

Observation:

  • This case report details a patient who developed a parastomal hernia.
  • The patient experienced incarceration of the stomach within the parastomal hernia sac.
  • Gastric incarceration represents a severe presentation of parastomal hernia.

Findings:

  • Stomach incarceration within a parastomal hernia is an uncommon event.
  • This complication poses significant risks to patient health.
  • Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial for managing incarcerated parastomal hernias.

Implications:

  • Highlights the potential for serious complications in parastomal hernia management.
  • Emphasizes the need for vigilant monitoring of patients with ostomies.
  • Underscores the importance of surgical expertise in addressing complex hernia cases.