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Supramaximal Intensity Hypoxic Exercise and Vascular Function Assessment in Mice

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Limb-specific training affects exercise hyperemia but not sympathetic vasoconstriction.

Gregory S Wimer¹, James C Baldi

¹Department of Adolescent and Adult Education, Armstrong Atlantic State University, 11935 Abercorn Street, Savannah, GA 31419, USA. greg.wimer@armstrong.edu

European Journal of Applied Physiology

|March 7, 2012

Summary

Exercise-trained athletes show enhanced exercise hyperemia in their forearms, but this effect is not due to sympatholysis. Six weeks of handgrip training did not induce this enhanced blood flow response in untrained individuals.

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Area of Science:

Exercise physiology
Vascular biology
Sports science

Background:

Exercise training influences vascular responses to exercise.
Understanding adaptations in forearm blood flow (FBF) and sympathetic vasoconstriction is crucial.
The role of sympatholysis in exercise-induced hyperemia in trained individuals requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if exercise hyperemia is enhanced in exercise-trained forearms.
To investigate if sympathetic vasoconstriction is attenuated (sympatholysis) in trained forearms during handgrip exercise.
To examine vascular responsiveness changes after a 6-week handgrip training program in untrained men.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional study comparing rock climbers, runners, and controls.
Longitudinal study involving 6 weeks of handgrip training in untrained men.
Measurements included forearm blood flow, vascular conductance, heart rate, and blood pressure during rest, cold pressor test, and handgrip exercise.

Main Results:

Arm-trained athletes (climbers) exhibited greater exercise hyperemia during handgrip exercise compared to runners and controls.
No significant difference in the reduction of FBF and vascular conductance was observed between groups when a cold pressor test was added during exercise.
Six weeks of handgrip training increased forearm volume and maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) but did not alter FBF or vascular conductance during cold pressor tests or exercise.

Conclusions:

Arm-trained athletes demonstrate enhanced exercise hyperemia, suggesting training-induced vascular adaptations.
The enhanced hyperemia in trained athletes is not explained by sympatholysis.
Short-term handgrip training in previously untrained individuals does not appear to induce significant changes in exercise hyperemia or sympatholysis.