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Related Concept Videos

Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Influenza01:27

Influenza

Influenza is an acute, highly communicable viral disease that affects the respiratory tract and is responsible for seasonal epidemics worldwide. Influenza A is the most prevalent type associated with widespread outbreaks and is subtyped based on two surface glycoproteins: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N), as in H1N1. These glycoproteins are essential for viral infectivity, transmission, and immune recognition. Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets and contaminated...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...

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Updated: May 24, 2026

Standard Operating Procedure for Lyssavirus Surveillance of the Bat Population in Taiwan
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Standard Operating Procedure for Lyssavirus Surveillance of the Bat Population in Taiwan

Published on: August 27, 2019

[An update on Lassa virus].

I Leparc-Goffart1, S F Emonet

  • 1Unité de Virologie, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Institut de Médecine tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées, Allée du Médecin colonel Eugène Jamot, Parc du Pharo, 13262 Marseille.

Medecine Tropicale : Revue Du Corps De Sante Colonial
|March 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lassa virus causes Lassa hemorrhagic fever, a significant public health risk in West Africa. Recent advances offer hope for improved diagnostics and vaccines against this bioterrorism agent.

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Pan-lyssavirus Real Time RT-PCR for Rabies Diagnosis

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Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Standard Operating Procedure for Lyssavirus Surveillance of the Bat Population in Taiwan
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Standard Operating Procedure for Lyssavirus Surveillance of the Bat Population in Taiwan

Published on: August 27, 2019

Pan-lyssavirus Real Time RT-PCR for Rabies Diagnosis
06:25

Pan-lyssavirus Real Time RT-PCR for Rabies Diagnosis

Published on: July 10, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Context:

  • Lassa virus causes Lassa hemorrhagic fever, infecting 100,000–300,000 annually in West Africa.
  • High mortality rates (1-2%) and potential for airborne transmission classify it as a Category A bioterrorism agent.
  • Difficulties in early diagnosis due to non-specific symptoms and viral genetic diversity hinder effective treatment and control.

Purpose:

  • To provide an updated review of recent research in Lassa virus diagnostics and vaccines.
  • To present current epidemiological data on Lassa virus.

Summary:

  • Lassa virus remains a major health concern in West Africa, with challenges in diagnosis due to its varied presentation and genetic makeup.
  • Despite these challenges, recent scientific advancements are paving the way for better diagnostic tools and potential vaccination strategies.
  • Understanding the epidemiology is crucial for controlling the spread of Lassa hemorrhagic fever.

Impact:

  • Improved diagnostic capabilities can lead to earlier detection and intervention for Lassa hemorrhagic fever.
  • Development of effective vaccines could significantly reduce the incidence and mortality of Lassa virus infections.
  • Enhanced understanding of Lassa virus epidemiology will inform public health strategies and resource allocation in endemic regions.