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Mandibular ameloblastic carcinoma in a young patient
Adrienne Horváth1, Emoke Horváth, S Popşor
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu Mures, Romania. adigyer1@yahoo.com
Summary
Ameloblastic carcinoma, a rare pediatric jaw cancer, presents diagnostic and treatment challenges. Early detection and radical surgery followed by radiotherapy offer the best chance for long-term survival.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pediatric Oncology
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Background:
- Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare, aggressive malignant odontogenic tumor.
- It predominantly affects the mandible and maxilla, with a predilection for children.
- Histological features include hypercellularity, poor differentiation, high mitotic index, and invasion.
Observation:
- A case of an 8-year-old girl with ameloblastic carcinoma of the left mandible is presented.
- The patient had extensive pleuro-pulmonary and bone marrow metastases.
- Histological analysis confirmed ameloblastic carcinoma in both primary and metastatic sites.
Findings:
- Ameloblastic carcinoma exhibits local destruction and distant metastases.
- The tumor shows poor sensitivity to conventional chemo- and radiotherapy.
- Carboplatin and etoposide showed limited efficacy, necessitating palliative care.
Implications:
- This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of pediatric ameloblastic carcinoma.
- Early detection is crucial for improving survival rates.
- Radical surgery combined with radiotherapy may offer the best treatment strategy.