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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography01:24

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies01:28

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...

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Updated: May 24, 2026

Murine Fetal Echocardiography
08:04

Murine Fetal Echocardiography

Published on: February 15, 2013

Fetal genitourinary imaging.

Teresa Chapman1

  • 1Department of Radiology, MS R-5417, Seattle Children's Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. teresa.chapman@seattlechildrens.org

Pediatric Radiology
|March 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Routine ultrasound beginning in the first trimester screens the fetal urinary tract. This review covers fetal kidney and bladder abnormalities, including pyelectasis, and their imaging features.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • The fetal urinary tract is routinely evaluated using ultrasound (US) starting in the first trimester.
  • Fetal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging may be used to further investigate sonographic findings.
  • Ultrasound is the primary method for assessing fetal kidneys, detecting collecting system dilatation and parenchymal diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common fetal genitourinary system abnormalities.
  • To discuss the significance of findings like fetal pyelectasis.
  • To cover characteristic imaging features, developmental pathology, and differential diagnoses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and imaging data on fetal genitourinary tract evaluation.
  • Sonographic assessment of the fetal urinary tract, including bladder visualization.
  • Consideration of fetal MR for clarifying sonographic abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • Pyelectasis is a common fetal kidney birth defect requiring evaluation.
  • Ultrasound effectively detects collecting system dilatation and parenchymal diseases.
  • Characteristic imaging features of various fetal genitourinary disorders are presented.

Conclusions:

  • Routine first-trimester ultrasound is crucial for fetal urinary tract assessment.
  • Imaging plays a vital role in counseling and planning postnatal care for fetal kidney abnormalities.
  • Understanding imaging features aids in diagnosing fetal renal parenchymal and bladder disorders.