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Related Concept Videos

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are slanted or...
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Aromatic and Antiaromatic Compounds01:14

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Aromatic and Antiaromatic Compounds

In aromatic compounds, such as benzene, the circulation of (4n + 2) π-electrons sets up a diamagnetic or diatropic ring current around the perimeter of the molecule. This current induces a magnetic field that opposes the external field inside the ring and reinforces it on the outside. The protons in benzene are deshielded and exhibit high chemical shifts in the range 6.5–8.5 ppm. The shielding effect at the center of the ring is evident in complex aromatic molecules, such as annulenes. In...
NMR Spectroscopy: Chemical Shift Overview01:15

NMR Spectroscopy: Chemical Shift Overview

The position of the absorption signal of a sample is reported relative to the position of the signal of tetramethylsilane (TMS), which is added as an internal reference while recording spectra. The difference between the absorption frequencies of the sample and TMS (in Hz) is divided by the spectrometer operating frequency (in MHz) to obtain a dimensionless quantity called the chemical shift. It is reported on the δ (delta) scale and expressed in parts per million.
For instance, the proton...
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved in...
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must have a...

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Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
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Electron spin resonance shift in spin ladder compounds.

Shunsuke C Furuya1, Pierre Bouillot, Corinna Kollath

  • 1Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan.

Physical Review Letters
|March 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Investigating spin-1/2 ladders reveals how coupling anisotropies influence electron spin resonance (ESR) shifts. Specific parameters allow quantitative extraction of these anisotropies from ESR data.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum magnetism

Background:

  • Spin-1/2 ladders are crucial model systems for studying quantum magnetism.
  • Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) is a powerful technique for probing magnetic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the impact of coupling anisotropies in spin-1/2 ladders on the ESR shift.
  • To develop a method for quantitatively determining these anisotropies using ESR.

Main Methods:

  • Combined perturbative analysis of anisotropies with density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) calculations.
  • Investigated short-range correlations at finite temperatures.

Main Results:

  • Provided the full temperature and magnetic field evolution of the ESR paramagnetic shift.
  • Demonstrated that ESR shifts can quantitatively reveal coupling anisotropies under specific conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The ESR shift is a viable tool for characterizing magnetic anisotropies in spin-1/2 ladder systems.
  • The material Bis(2,3-dihydroxy-phenyl)pyridine (BPCB) serves as a potential candidate for such studies.