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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

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Acupoint Catgut Embedding Therapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Managing Allergic Rhinitis
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Allergic diseases in the elderly.

Victoria Cardona1, Mar Guilarte, Olga Luengo

  • 1Allergy Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain. vcardona@comb.cat.

Clinical and Translational Allergy
|March 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Allergic diseases in older adults are influenced by aging immune systems and present unique management challenges. This review examines clinical implications and treatment considerations for geriatric allergy patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Allergology

Background:

  • Global demographics show a rising proportion of elderly individuals.
  • Common conditions like asthma and allergies require specific evaluation in this growing population.
  • Geriatric patients often present with frailty, multiple comorbidities, and polypharmacy, complicating disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics of allergic diseases in older adults.
  • To explore the impact of immunosenescence on allergic conditions in the elderly.
  • To identify specific clinical implications and management challenges, including drug interactions and age-related side effects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on allergic diseases in geriatric populations.
  • Analysis of factors influencing immune function with aging (immunosenescence).
  • Examination of clinical presentations and therapeutic strategies in elderly patients with allergies.

Main Results:

  • Immunosenescence alters immune responses, potentially affecting allergy development and presentation in older adults.
  • Geriatric allergic patients face unique challenges, including increased risk of adverse drug reactions and drug-drug interactions.
  • Management requires careful consideration of comorbidities, frailty, and age-specific side effects.

Conclusions:

  • Allergic diseases in the elderly have distinct features due to immunosenescence and comorbidities.
  • Tailored management strategies are essential for optimizing outcomes and minimizing risks in geriatric allergy care.
  • Further research is needed to refine treatment protocols for allergic conditions in older populations.