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Acquired neurosyphilis presenting as movement disorders
1Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Summary
Syphilis infections are increasing, and its neurological effects, including movement disorders, can be subtle. Early diagnosis of neurosyphilis is crucial for effective treatment and cure.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Syphilis infection rates declined in the late 20th century but are now rising.
- Syphilis is known as the "great mimicker" due to its varied clinical presentations.
- Neurologic manifestations of syphilis (neurosyphilis) can be challenging to diagnose clinically.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review reported movement disorders associated with acquired neurosyphilis.
- To highlight the diverse clinical presentations of neurosyphilis.
- To emphasize the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for syphilis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of case reports and studies on movement disorders in acquired neurosyphilis.
- Analysis of clinical presentations and diagnostic challenges.
- Synthesis of findings regarding the spectrum of neurosyphilis manifestations.
Main Results:
- While gait dysfunction and sensory ataxia are well-documented, other movement disorders are less frequently reported in neurosyphilis.
- The review consolidates information on various movement disorders occurring in acquired neurosyphilis.
- Increasing incidence necessitates awareness of syphilis's diverse neurologic presentations.
Conclusions:
- Neurosyphilis presents with a wide range of neurologic symptoms, including various movement disorders.
- Increased vigilance for syphilis is essential given its rising incidence and potential for diverse manifestations.
- Early detection and treatment of syphilis are critical as it is curable in its early stages.
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