Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Blockers01:28

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Blockers

Ganglionic blockers inhibit autonomic activity by blocking nicotinic receptors in the autonomic ganglia, suppressing impulse transmission. These blockers lack selectivity between sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia and are ineffective as neuromuscular junction antagonists. They can be categorized into two groups:
Antianginal Drugs: Nitrates and β-Blockers01:16

Antianginal Drugs: Nitrates and β-Blockers

In cardiovascular health, antianginal drugs combat angina pectoris — a condition marked by chest pain owing to diminished blood flow to the heart.
Organic nitrates,  such as nitroglycerin, play a pivotal role. Once metabolized, they liberate nitric oxide, a molecular marvel. Nitric oxide triggers guanylyl cyclase and augments cGMP production. This biochemical cascade orchestrates the relaxation of vascular smooth muscles, ushering in vasodilation and enhancing coronary blood flow. Administered...
Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Classification01:18

Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Classification

Adrenergic agonists can be classified based on their therapeutic uses and mechanisms of action. They serve various purposes in clinical applications.
Vasopressor or pressor agents: They increase blood pressure and function as cardiac stimulants. Examples include endogenous catecholamines (norepinephrine and dopamine) and synthetic agents (phenylephrine).
Bronchodilators: β2-agonists can relax bronchial muscles and widen airways. They are commonly used for treating obstructive pulmonary...
Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants01:23

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants


Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating sympathetic or...
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Catalytic surface degradation of (CF<sub>2</sub>H)<sub>2</sub>O to CF<sub>3</sub>H at a Si-teflate doped aluminium chlorofluoride Lewis superacid.

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)·2026
Same author

Mechanochemical Upcycling of Polyvinylidene Fluoride: Lewis Acid Induced Generation of Sodium Aluminium Fluorides.

ChemSusChem·2026
Same author

A Pore or not a Pore? Understanding Pore Size Distributions of Non-Graphitic Carbon and Atomically-Dispersed M-N-C Materials.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

Isotope dilution LC-MS/MS for the quantification of ergot alkaloids: a comparative study.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026
Same author

Scaling up mechanochemical reactions: linking crystalline phase evolution studied <i>via in situ</i> PXRD with kinetics from MCR-ALS.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Large and ultra-flat optical traps for uniform quantum gases.

Scientific reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Detection of Regulated Ergot Alkaloids in Food Matrices by Liquid Chromatography-Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
08:56

Detection of Regulated Ergot Alkaloids in Food Matrices by Liquid Chromatography-Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Published on: November 22, 2024

Ergotaminine.

Stefan Merkel1, Robert Köppen, Matthias Koch

  • 1Reference Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|March 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Epimerization of ergotamine yielded a novel compound with a nearly planar ring C and a distorted chair conformation in ring D. Structural analysis revealed extensive N-H⋯O hydrogen bonding networks.

More Related Videos

The Sciatic Nerve Cuffing Model of Neuropathic Pain in Mice
07:09

The Sciatic Nerve Cuffing Model of Neuropathic Pain in Mice

Published on: July 16, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Detection of Regulated Ergot Alkaloids in Food Matrices by Liquid Chromatography-Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
08:56

Detection of Regulated Ergot Alkaloids in Food Matrices by Liquid Chromatography-Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Published on: November 22, 2024

The Sciatic Nerve Cuffing Model of Neuropathic Pain in Mice
07:09

The Sciatic Nerve Cuffing Model of Neuropathic Pain in Mice

Published on: July 16, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Structural Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Ergotamine, a natural alkaloid, is known for its complex ergoline skeleton.
  • Epimerization reactions can lead to the formation of novel stereoisomers with potentially altered properties.
  • Understanding the three-dimensional structure of ergoline derivatives is crucial for structure-activity relationship studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the structure of a novel compound formed by the epimerization of ergotamine.
  • To elucidate the conformational details of the ergoline skeleton in the newly synthesized molecule.
  • To investigate the intermolecular interactions, specifically hydrogen bonding, within the crystal structure.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular structure.
  • Conformational analysis was performed on the ergoline ring system.
  • Analysis of hydrogen bonding networks (N-H⋯O and N-H⋯N) was conducted.

Main Results:

  • The systematic name and chemical formula (C33H35N5O5) of the title compound were established.
  • Ring C of the ergoline skeleton was found to be nearly planar with an envelope conformation.
  • Ring D exhibited a slightly distorted chair conformation and participated in an intramolecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bond.
  • The crystal structure revealed chains formed by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds parallel to the bc plane diagonal.

Conclusions:

  • The epimerization of ergotamine results in a distinct structural entity with specific conformational preferences.
  • The detailed structural information provides a basis for understanding the chemical behavior and potential biological activity of this ergotamine derivative.
  • The identified hydrogen bonding patterns are key features influencing the compound's solid-state structure and packing.