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Related Concept Videos

DNA Replication02:40

DNA Replication

DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied.  After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells.
Replication in Prokaryotes
DNA replication uses a large number of...
The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Visualization of DNA Replication in the Vertebrate Model System DT40 using the DNA Fiber Technique
07:18

Visualization of DNA Replication in the Vertebrate Model System DT40 using the DNA Fiber Technique

Published on: October 27, 2011

Modeling inhomogeneous DNA replication kinetics.

Michel G Gauthier1, Paolo Norio, John Bechhoefer

  • 1Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.

Plos One
|March 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a new model for DNA replication in eukaryotes, accounting for variable origin firing and fork speeds. The model accurately simulates replication and can analyze single-molecule data, improving our understanding of genome duplication.

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Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Visualization of DNA Replication in the Vertebrate Model System DT40 using the DNA Fiber Technique
07:18

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Published on: October 27, 2011

Visualizing Single-molecule DNA Replication with Fluorescence Microscopy
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Visualizing Single-molecule DNA Replication with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 9, 2009

Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • DNA replication initiates at origins and proceeds bidirectionally via replication forks.
  • Previous models assumed uniform origin firing and fork velocities, which contradicts observed genomic variations.
  • Understanding replication dynamics is crucial for genome stability and cell division.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a generalized model for eukaryotic DNA replication that incorporates spatial variations in origin initiation rates and replication fork velocities.
  • To provide a computational framework for simulating and analyzing DNA replication processes across the genome.
  • To adapt the model for analyzing single-molecule DNA replication data, addressing challenges of limited data and external origin activity.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of rate equations for left- and right-moving replication forks and replication probability over time.
  • Numerical solution of these equations to obtain the mean-field replication program.
  • Adaptation of the model to solve the inverse problem of fitting single-molecule DNA replication measurements using effective flux boundary conditions.

Main Results:

  • The developed model accurately reproduces results from DNA replication simulations.
  • The approach successfully models the inverse problem, enabling analysis of single-molecule experimental data.
  • The method allows reliable inferences about specific genomic regions even with limited single-molecule data.

Conclusions:

  • The generalized replication model provides a powerful tool for studying eukaryotic DNA replication dynamics.
  • This approach enhances the analysis of single-molecule experiments, overcoming limitations of data availability.
  • The model advances our understanding of how spatial variations in replication parameters influence genome duplication.