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Odour concentration-dependent olfactory preference change in C. elegans.

Kazushi Yoshida1, Takaaki Hirotsu, Takanobu Tagawa

  • 1Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan.

Nature Communications
|March 15, 2012
PubMed
Summary

The same odorant can attract or repel animals based on concentration. In C. elegans, distinct sensory neurons (AWC and ASH) mediate attraction and repulsion, respectively, via a labeled-line principle.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Animal Behavior
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Odor concentration influences animal responses, but the underlying neural mechanisms are poorly understood.
  • The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans exhibits concentration-dependent attraction and repulsion to odorants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the neuronal basis of concentration-dependent odorant responses in C. elegans.
  • To identify the specific sensory neurons involved in attraction and repulsion at different odorant concentrations.

Main Methods:

  • Behavioral analyses and computer simulations to model odor-driven movement.
  • Genetic analyses and targeted neuron ablation (lesion experiments) to assess neuronal function.
  • Electrophysiological recordings to determine neuronal responses to varying odorant concentrations.

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Last Updated: May 24, 2026

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Main Results:

  • C. elegans exhibits klinokinesis, a behavioral strategy, to navigate odorant gradients, leading to attraction at low and repulsion at high concentrations.
  • The AWC sensory neurons are crucial for attraction to low odorant concentrations.
  • The ASH sensory neurons are essential for repulsion from high odorant concentrations.
  • AWC neurons specifically respond to low odorant concentrations, while ASH neurons respond to high concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • Odor concentration is encoded by distinct sets of sensory neurons in C. elegans.
  • The findings support a labeled-line principle for odor coding, where specific neurons transmit specific sensory information.
  • This study provides a framework for understanding how concentration-dependent behaviors are generated at the neuronal level.