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Computerized surveillance system of tuberculosis in Japan: its evolution, achievement and challenges
Masako Ohmori1, Kazuhiro Uchimura, Kunihiko Ito
1The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Tokyo, Japan. ohmori@jata.or.jp
Kekkaku : [Tuberculosis]
|March 16, 2012
Summary
Japan's revised tuberculosis (TB) surveillance system enhances data collection and analysis for TB control. The system aids in evaluating TB issues and managing patient care, crucial for evidence-based public health strategies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Disease Surveillance
Background:
- The nationwide computerized tuberculosis (TB) surveillance system in Japan was revised in 2007.
- The system aims to be user-friendly for evaluating current TB problems and control issues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the enhancements and functionalities of the revised TB surveillance system.
- To highlight the system's role in supporting evidence-based TB control programs in Japan.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a nationwide computerized surveillance system with terminals in all public health centers.
- Data compiled from the annual report database generated by the system.
- System revisions included new functions for data transfer, enhanced DOTS monitoring, and revised treatment outcome algorithms.
Main Results:
- The revised system includes features for automatic data transfer and improved monitoring for Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course (DOTS).
- Treatment outcomes for new sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB patients in 2009 showed 4.6% combined "Failed" and "Defaulted", and 19.3% "Died", with elderly patients contributing significantly to mortality.
- A new subsystem for contact examination management was implemented, and data analysis feedback was strengthened.
Conclusions:
- The enhanced TB surveillance system is vital for implementing evidence-based TB control in Japan.
- The system provides essential epidemiological information to support TB control planning and execution.
- Continuous system improvements are necessary for effective management of tuberculosis in Japan.
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