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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Introduction01:23

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Introduction

Oral drug delivery is the most common route of administration due to its convenience, cost-effectiveness, and high patient compliance. It enables precise formulation to ensure proper drug dosage and bioavailability. The development of oral dosage forms considers drug properties such as solubility, stability, and absorption to optimize therapeutic efficacy.Tablets, capsules, liquids, and chewable formulations enhance drug stability, mask undesirable tastes, and improve patient experience.
Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types01:27

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Flash NanoPrecipitation for the Encapsulation of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Compounds in Polymeric Nanoparticles
10:12

Flash NanoPrecipitation for the Encapsulation of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Compounds in Polymeric Nanoparticles

Published on: January 7, 2019

Nanoparticle delivery systems formed using electrically sprayed co-flowing excipients and active agent.

Raheleh Bakhshi1, Zeeshan Ahmad, Mihaela Soric

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.

Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology
|March 16, 2012
PubMed
Summary

A novel coaxial electrohydrodynamic spraying method efficiently produces tiny, insulin-loaded biodegradable nanoparticles. This nanomedicine advancement offers sustained drug release for potential therapeutic applications.

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Flash NanoPrecipitation for the Encapsulation of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Compounds in Polymeric Nanoparticles
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Rapid, Scalable Assembly and Loading of Bioactive Proteins and Immunostimulants into Diverse Synthetic Nanocarriers Via Flash Nanoprecipitation
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Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications
09:39

Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications

Published on: February 7, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Nanomedicine
  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • High-yield production of drug-loaded biodegradable nanoparticles is essential for nanomedicine progress.
  • Current methods for nanoparticle generation face limitations in production rate and efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a one-step, high-yield method for generating insulin-loaded polymeric nanoparticles.
  • To characterize the properties and in vitro release of these nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

  • Coaxial electrohydrodynamic spraying of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and insulin.
  • Particle characterization using electron and atomic force microscopy.
  • In vitro degradation and insulin release studies over five weeks.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated insulin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles as small as 50 nm with 80% encapsulation efficiency.
  • Achieved sustained insulin release over 3 weeks, with reduced burst release using a hydrophilic additive.
  • Demonstrated high particle yield, with 85% of particles <100 nm at 2 wt% polymer concentration.

Conclusions:

  • Coaxial electrohydrodynamic spraying is a viable one-step method for producing insulin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles.
  • The generated nanoparticles exhibit controlled release properties suitable for nanomedicine applications.
  • This technique holds potential for advancing drug delivery systems.