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Related Experiment Videos

[Comparative studies of drug detection using recent immunologic methods].

H Käferstein1, G Sticht

  • 1Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Universität zu Köln.

Beitrage Zur Gerichtlichen Medizin
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
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The EMIT 50 immunoassay shows a high false-negative rate for detecting 11-Nor-delta-9-THC-9-carboxylic acid in urine. Adjusting the cutoff or sample volume may improve accuracy for cannabis drug testing.

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Toxicology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Immunoassay methods are widely used for drug screening.
  • Accurate detection of cannabinoids in urine is crucial for forensic investigations.
  • Previous studies highlight variability in immunoassay performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of EMIT cannabis 20 and EMIT cannabis 50 reagents for detecting 11-Nor-delta-9-THC-9-carboxylic acid.
  • To assess the discrepancy between immunoassay results and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) confirmation.
  • To investigate the high false-negative rate observed with the EMIT 50 assay.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 150 forensic urine samples using EMIT cannabis 20 and EMIT cannabis 50 on an EMIT Autolabsystem.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Confirmation of positive samples using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS).
  • Comparison with Abuscreen ONTRAK reagents for specific cases.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant false-negative rate of 18.8% was observed with EMIT 50 when using a cutoff of 10 ng/mL for 11-Nor-delta-9-THC-9-carboxylic acid.
    • GC-MS confirmed discrepancies, indicating potential limitations of the EMIT 50 assay at this cutoff.
    • Abuscreen ONTRAK showed a high cutoff (100 ng/mL) but could be improved with larger urine volumes.

    Conclusions:

    • The EMIT 50 assay demonstrates a high false-negative rate for cannabis detection at a 10 ng/mL cutoff, potentially impacting forensic case outcomes.
    • GC-MS remains the gold standard for confirming cannabinoid presence.
    • Assay cutoff optimization and sample volume considerations are critical for improving the reliability of immunoassay-based drug testing.