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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests01:24

Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests

Renal function tests are crucial for assessing kidney health, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating the kidneys' efficiency in waste elimination, fluid balance, and electrolyte regulation. These tests offer critical insights into kidney function, even though routine measurements may appear normal until there is a significant decline in the glomerular filtration rate or GFR. Typically, signs of kidney impairment only become evident when the GFR falls to about 50% of its normal level.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
09:02

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion

Published on: February 2, 2021

Thyroid function tests in acute kidney injury.

Pedro Iglesias1, Teresa Olea, Cristina Vega-Cabrera

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. piglo65@gmail.com

Journal of Nephrology
|March 16, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Over 80% of acute kidney injury (AKI) patients show abnormal thyroid function tests (TFTs), most commonly euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS). These TFT alterations appear unrelated to AKI

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
09:02

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion

Published on: February 2, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Thyroid function tests (TFTs) can be altered in critically ill patients.
  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex condition affecting multiple organ systems.
  • The interplay between AKI and TFTs requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of TFT alterations in AKI patients.
  • To assess the clinical significance and prognostic implications of these TFT changes.
  • To analyze the patterns of TFT abnormalities in AKI.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 35 hospitalized AKI patients over 2 years.
  • TFTs (TSH, FT4, T3) measured at admission, discharge, and outpatient visit.
  • Correlation of TFTs with clinical and analytical data, including AKI type and severity.

Main Results:

  • 82.9% of AKI patients had TFT alterations, predominantly euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS) with low T3.
  • Low T3 was the most common finding, while TSH and FT4 were generally normal.
  • No significant association was found between TFT alterations and AKI type, clinical factors, or prognostic outcomes (e.g., mortality, renal function recovery).

Conclusions:

  • TFT alterations, particularly ESS, are highly prevalent in AKI patients.
  • These thyroid function changes often normalize as renal function improves.
  • TFT abnormalities in AKI do not appear to have independent clinical or prognostic significance.