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Related Concept Videos

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
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Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

Published on: December 15, 2011

Clinical practice : coeliac disease.

C M Frank Kneepkens1, B Mary E von Blomberg

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, VU University Medical Centre, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. cmf.kneepkens@vumc.nl

European Journal of Pediatrics
|March 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Coeliac disease (CD) diagnosis requires careful consideration. While a small-bowel biopsy can be omitted in some cases, it remains essential for accurate diagnosis in most patients before initiating a gluten-free diet.

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Published on: December 8, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Coeliac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated condition triggered by gluten in genetically predisposed individuals.
  • It affects 1 in 100-200 people, yet diagnosis rates remain low, with only one in four cases identified.
  • Increased risk is observed in relatives, Down syndrome, and autoimmune disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline diagnostic criteria for coeliac disease.
  • To determine when small-bowel biopsy is essential for diagnosis.
  • To emphasize the importance of completing diagnostic work-up before treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic criteria for coeliac disease.
  • Identification of subgroups where small-bowel biopsy may be omitted.
  • Emphasis on serological markers and HLA typing in diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Small-bowel biopsy is not necessary for diagnosis in patients with typical symptoms, high levels of specific antibodies (transglutaminase and endomysial), and HLA-DQ2 or DQ8 type.
  • In all other cases, small-bowel biopsy is mandatory for accurate coeliac disease diagnosis.
  • A strictly gluten-free diet is the standard therapy, leading to symptom and marker resolution.

Conclusions:

  • Small-bowel biopsy is essential for diagnosing coeliac disease in most patients.
  • Diagnostic work-up must be completed prior to initiating a gluten-free diet to ensure accurate diagnosis and management.