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Related Concept Videos

Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management01:25

Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management

Pericarditis, an inflammation of the pericardium, necessitates diligent nursing management to ensure effective patient care and recovery. The initial step in managing pericarditis is a comprehensive patient medical assessment.The patient reports chest pain aggravated by breathing, coughing, and swallowing, which worsens when lying supine. The pain often improves when sitting up and leaning forward. Additional symptoms may include fever, malaise, and, in severe cases, signs of heart failure.

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Induction of Right Ventricular Failure by Pulmonary Artery Constriction and Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Mice
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Effusive-constrictive pericarditis.

Faisal F Syed1, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Bongani M Mayosi

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.

Heart Failure Reviews
|March 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Effusive-constrictive pericarditis (ECP) is a condition where pericardial inflammation causes constriction despite fluid removal. Diagnosis requires pressure measurements, and treatment may involve anti-inflammatory drugs or pericardiectomy.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Effusive-constrictive pericarditis (ECP) is an increasingly recognized syndrome.
  • It involves pericardial inflammation causing constriction alongside pericardial fluid under pressure.
  • Tuberculous pericarditis is a notable cause.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical syndrome of ECP.
  • To outline diagnostic methods and treatment strategies.
  • To differentiate ECP from other pericardial syndromes.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on simultaneous intrapericardial and right atrial pressure measurements during pericardiocentesis.
  • Non-invasive Doppler assessment can evaluate residual constriction post-pericardiocentesis.
  • Imaging like contrast-enhanced MRI or nuclear imaging can detect ongoing pericardial inflammation.

Main Results:

  • ECP is characterized by persistent elevated intracardiac pressure after pericardial fluid removal.
  • Clinical presentation overlaps with other pericardial syndromes, lacking specific biomarkers.
  • Persistent atrial pressure elevation post-pericardiocentesis aids in diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • ECP diagnosis requires clinical suspicion and objective evidence of persistent pressure elevation.
  • Treatment may involve addressing the underlying cause, anti-inflammatory medications, or pericardiectomy.
  • Identifying patients likely to respond to medical therapy using imaging is crucial before surgery.