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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

[Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a systemic disorder?].

P-V Ennezat1, T H Le Jemtel, D Logeart

  • 1EA 2693, IFR 114, université de Lille Nord de France, 1, place de Verdun, 59045 Lille, France. ennezat@yahoo.com

La Revue De Medecine Interne
|March 20, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is driven by multiple comorbidities, not just heart issues. These conditions significantly impact HFpEF

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A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs
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A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs

Published on: February 18, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs
07:09

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs

Published on: February 18, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) presents differently based on left ventricular (LV) systolic or diastolic dysfunction.
  • HF with preserved LV ejection fraction (HFpEF) is increasingly recognized, with comorbidities playing a key role in its clinical course.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifactorial pathogenesis of HFpEF.
  • To highlight the significant role of comorbidities in HFpEF's clinical manifestations and natural history.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on HFpEF.
  • Analysis of the impact of comorbidities on HFpEF presentation and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • HFpEF pathogenesis is multifactorial, with comorbidities like hypertension, CKD, diabetes, obesity, and sleep-disordered breathing being central.
  • Limited functional capacity in HFpEF is linked to CKD-mediated fluid accumulation, LV stiffness, and altered ventricular-vascular coupling.
  • Non-cardiovascular causes of death are common in HFpEF, underscoring the role of comorbidities.

Conclusions:

  • HFpEF is strongly influenced by comorbidities, affecting its clinical presentation, natural history, and prognosis.
  • Current diagnostic methods for HFpEF rely on echocardiography and biomarkers.
  • Therapeutic trials in HFpEF have yielded negative results, potentially due to trial design and therapeutic targets.