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Related Concept Videos

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes01:23

Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes

Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is purely axial,...
Couette Flow01:22

Couette Flow

Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...
Irrotational Flow01:28

Irrotational Flow

Irrotational flow is characterized by fluid motion where particles do not rotate around their axes, resulting in zero vorticity. For a flow to be irrotational, the curl of the velocity field must be zero. This imposes specific conditions on velocity gradients. For instance, to maintain zero rotation about the z-axis, the gradient condition:
Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface01:04

Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface

Hydrostatic pressure on curved surfaces is a fundamental concept in fluid mechanics with broad applications in the civil engineering field. When fluid is in contact with a curved surface, as in a reservoir, dam, or storage tank, it exerts pressure that varies in magnitude and direction along the curved surface. To assess the total hydrostatic force exerted by the fluid on a curved structure, engineers typically isolate the fluid volume adjacent to the surface and analyze the forces acting on...
Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts01:15

Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts

In analyzing a thin-walled hollow shaft subjected to torsional loading, a segment with width dx is isolated for examination. Despite its equilibrium state, this segment faces torsional shearing forces at its ends. These forces are quantitatively described by the product of the longitudinal shearing stress on the segment's minor surface and the area of this surface, leading to the concept of shear flow. This shear flow is consistent throughout the structure, indicating a uniform distribution of...

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Investigating the Three-dimensional Flow Separation Induced by a Model Vocal Fold Polyp
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Published on: February 3, 2014

Free surface flow between two horizontal concentric cylinders.

J Peixinho1, P Mirbod, J F Morris

  • 1Benjamin Levich Institute and Department of Chemical Engineering, City College of City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA. jorge.peixinho@univ-lehavre.fr

The European Physical Journal. E, Soft Matter
|March 20, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigates free surface flow in rotating cylinders. Increasing rotation deforms the liquid surface and alters flow patterns, with results confirmed by phase-field simulations.

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Last Updated: May 24, 2026

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Published on: February 17, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Rheology
  • Interface phenomena

Background:

  • Free surface flows are crucial in various industrial processes.
  • Understanding fluid behavior under rotation is key for optimizing designs.
  • Previous studies often simplify the complex interface dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally and numerically investigate free surface flow in a partially filled rotating annulus.
  • To analyze the impact of rotation speed and fill fraction on flow patterns and interface deformation.
  • To validate numerical simulations with experimental data.

Main Methods:

  • Combined experimental and numerical approach.
  • Utilized a rotating inner cylinder within a stationary outer cylinder.
  • Employed a phase-field method for numerical simulation of the free surface.

Main Results:

  • Observed two counter-rotating cells at low speeds, with one cell deforming the free surface at higher speeds.
  • Film thickness evolution aligns with plate withdrawal theory at low speeds.
  • Numerical simulations confirmed the dynamics of flow cells and interface deformation.
  • Flow patterns shifted to a single cell with minimal surface deformation at high fill fractions.

Conclusions:

  • Rotation speed and fill fraction significantly influence free surface flow dynamics.
  • The phase-field method accurately captures complex interface behavior.
  • Findings provide insights into fluid mechanics in confined rotating systems.