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Related Concept Videos

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
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Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

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The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
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John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

Sequence evolution correlates with structural dynamics.

Ying Liu1, Ivet Bahar

  • 1Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Molecular Biology and Evolution
|March 20, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Protein structural dynamics and sequence evolution are linked. Highly mobile, co-evolving regions recognize substrates, while conserved hinges guide protein dynamics, balancing adaptability and specificity.

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Last Updated: May 24, 2026

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Structure-Based Simulation and Sampling of Transcription Factor Protein Movements along DNA from Atomic-Scale Stepping to Coarse-Grained Diffusion

Published on: March 1, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Structural Biology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Proteins rely on biochemical activity and core stability, typically maintained by conserved amino acids.
  • Structural dynamics are crucial for protein function, enabling substrate binding and allosteric transitions while preserving the native fold.
  • The relationship between sequence evolution and protein structural dynamics remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between sequence evolution patterns and protein structural dynamics.
  • To identify conserved and co-evolving residues in relation to protein mobility and function.
  • To establish a framework for understanding how protein sequence dictates dynamic behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 34 enzymes across diverse folds and functional classes.
  • Application of information theory to assess sequence conservation and coevolution.
  • Utilizing elastic network models to characterize protein structural dynamics and residue mobility.

Main Results:

  • Structural regions with high coevolution propensity and mobility are often substrate recognition sites.
  • Residues acting as global hinges in protein collective dynamics are frequently conserved.
  • A proposed amino acid mobility scale shows an inverse relationship with amino acid conservation.

Conclusions:

  • Protein structural dynamics and sequence evolution are interconnected, influencing protein function.
  • A balance between adaptability (via motions) and specificity (via coevolution) shapes protein fold selection.
  • Conserved residues stabilize protein structures, while mobile, co-evolving residues facilitate functional adaptations.