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Racial differences in pain reports between Black and White participants with chronic venous disorders treated with
Robin E Matutina1, Martina Mueller, Teresa J Kelechi
1Medical University of South Carolina College of Nursing, USA. matutinr@musc.edu
Objective:
To evaluate racial differences in pain and pain medication use in response to cryotherapy or usual care (UC) for leg skin inflamed by chronic venous disorders (CVDs).
Design:
Randomized clinical trial.
Setting:
Academic medical center in Charleston, South Carolina.
Participants:
Sixty Black and White participants with severe CVDs randomized to receive cryotherapy or UC during the one-month study.
Intervention:
Cryotherapy consisted of 30-minutes of cooling the most severely affected lower leg skin with a gel wrap while receiving UC (ie, elevating the legs and wearing compression stockings during the day).
Main Outcome Measure:
Pain measured with the Leg Pain Questionnaire-Composite Score.
Results:
56 participants (n=27 cryotherapy; n=29 UC) completed the study: 52% African Americans (Blacks). Blacks in the usual care group (n=15) reported lower pain after 30 days compared to Blacks in the cryotherapy group (n=15) (P=.02). In Whites, there were no differences between cryotherapy (n=13) and usual care (n=14) (P=.78).
Conclusions:
No statistically significant differences in pain were found between the cryotherapy group or UC group. Usual care in the Black group was found to reduce pain.
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