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Incivility Experienced by Males in Nursing Education: An Exploratory Study
Scott Hale1, Benjamin Smallheer, Sarah Miller
1Author Affiliations: College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (Drs Hale, Miller, Mueller, and Layne); School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (Dr Smallheer).
Nurse Educator
|July 17, 2026
Summary
Male nursing students face unique challenges with incivility in academic settings. This study found threats involving weapons were highly severe, while electronic device misuse was most frequent, highlighting a need for inclusive environments.
Area of Science:
- Nursing Education
- Gender Studies in Academia
- Student Well-being
Background:
- Males are underrepresented in nursing programs.
- Male nursing students may encounter distinct forms of incivility.
- Academic incivility impacts the learning environment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the frequency and perceived severity of uncivil behaviors experienced by male nursing students and educators.
- To investigate incivility within prelicensure nursing programs.
- To understand the specific concerns of male students in nursing education.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional survey design.
- Utilized the Incivility in Nursing Education-Revised instrument.
- 96 participants from US accredited associate and baccalaureate nursing programs.
Main Results:
- Threats involving weapons were rated as highly uncivil.
- Most frequent uncivil behavior reported was misuse of electronic devices.
- Limited associations found between demographics/institution and incivility perceptions; overall models lacked statistical significance.
Conclusions:
- Incivility is an ongoing issue for males in nursing education.
- Further research is needed to understand and address male student experiences.
- Targeted interventions are recommended to foster inclusive and respectful nursing learning environments.
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