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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).
Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms
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Biophysical modulations of functional connectivity.

Scott J Peltier1, Yash Shah

  • 1Functional MRI Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. spelt@umich.edu

Brain Connectivity
|March 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Resting-state functional connectivity, detected via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), reveals synchronized brain activity. This review examines how physiological challenges like anesthesia and aging alter these intrinsic neuronal networks in healthy individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Resting-state low-frequency oscillations are consistently detected in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies.
  • These oscillations synchronize between functionally related brain areas, suggesting an intrinsic neuronal origin.
  • Consistent functional networks are identified across large populations and exhibit temporal stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the biophysical characterization of functional connectivity.
  • To examine the effects of physiological state manipulations on functional connectivity.
  • To investigate alterations in functional connectivity patterns in healthy controls under various challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data.
  • Review of existing literature on functional connectivity and neuroimaging modalities.
  • Examination of physiological challenges including anesthesia, fatigue, and aging.

Main Results:

  • Synchronized low-frequency oscillations indicate functional connectivity between brain regions.
  • Established functional networks are stable over time and across populations.
  • Physiological challenges demonstrably alter patterns of functional connectivity in healthy individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Resting-state functional connectivity is a robust measure of intrinsic neuronal organization.
  • Understanding alterations in functional connectivity provides insights into brain function under physiological stress.
  • This review synthesizes current knowledge on the biophysics and modifiability of brain networks.