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Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging

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Tumor response assessments with diffusion and perfusion MRI.

Sonia P Li¹, Anwar R Padhani

¹Academic Oncology Unit, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, Middlesex, UK.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI

|March 22, 2012

Summary

Functional imaging techniques like diffusion-weighted (DW) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI offer superior tumor response assessment compared to anatomic imaging. These methods evaluate cellularity and vascularity, predicting treatment outcomes earlier than traditional scans.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Radiology
Medical Imaging

Background:

Anatomic imaging has limitations in evaluating tumor response to novel oncologic treatments.
Functional imaging offers insights into tumor biology beyond structural changes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) as response assessment tools.
To discuss the technologies, quantification, validation, and clinical roles of DW-MRI and DCE-MRI.

Main Methods:

Focus on DW-MRI and DCE-MRI techniques.
Exploration of quantification methods and validation processes for these functional imaging modalities.
Review of current applications in assessing response to conventional and novel therapies.

Main Results:

Functional imaging (DW-MRI, DCE-MRI) can predict therapy response by assessing tumor cellularity and vascularity.
These changes often precede observable morphologic alterations on standard imaging.

Conclusions:

DW-MRI and DCE-MRI are valuable for evaluating tumor response to oncologic treatments.
Challenges remain in integrating these advanced imaging methods into routine clinical practice.