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Related Concept Videos

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
Capillarity in Fluid01:19

Capillarity in Fluid

Capillarity describes the movement of liquid in small spaces without external forces acting on it. The capillarity is driven by surface tension and adhesive interactions between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. This effect is often seen in narrow tubes, porous materials, and fine particles.
Surface tension is crucial to capillarity. It results from cohesive forces between liquid molecules at the liquid-air boundary, forming a skin that resists external forces. When the capillary tube...
Electrophoresis: Overview01:20

Electrophoresis: Overview

Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
There...
Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube01:18

Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube

When very thin cylindrical tubes, called capillaries, are dipped in a liquid, the liquid rises or falls in the tube compared to the surrounding liquid. This phenomenon is called capillary action. Capillary action occurs due to the combination of two opposing forces: the cohesive forces of the liquid, which cause it to stick to itself and form a rounded shape, and the adhesive forces between the liquid and the walls of the container, which cause the liquid to be attracted to the container walls.
Velocity and Acceleration in Steady and Unsteady Flow01:11

Velocity and Acceleration in Steady and Unsteady Flow

In fluid mechanics, velocity and acceleration are key concepts for analyzing particle motion in both steady and unsteady flow. Consider a fluid particle moving along a pathline, where its velocity depends on its position and time. The particle's acceleration is obtained by differentiating the velocity with respect to time.
The acceleration can be generalized to any point in the flow, and expressed as components along three perpendicular directions, representing changes in velocity over time.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Micro-particle Image Velocimetry for Velocity Profile Measurements of Micro Blood Flows
07:53

Micro-particle Image Velocimetry for Velocity Profile Measurements of Micro Blood Flows

Published on: April 25, 2013

OCT methods for capillary velocimetry.

Vivek J Srinivasan, Harsha Radhakrishnan, Eng H Lo

    Biomedical Optics Express
    |March 22, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    New optical coherence tomography (OCT) methods quantify red blood cell (RBC) velocity in capillaries, overcoming limitations of Doppler OCT and OCT angiography. These techniques offer novel insights into microvascular blood flow, particularly in conditions like ischemic stroke.

    Keywords:
    (110.4500) Optical coherence tomography(170.0180) Microscopy(170.1470) Blood or tissue constituent monitoring(170.3880) Medical and biological imaging(170.5380) Physiology(170.6900) Three-dimensional microscopy

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    Meso-Scale Particle Image Velocimetry Studies of Neurovascular Flows In Vitro
    08:00

    Meso-Scale Particle Image Velocimetry Studies of Neurovascular Flows In Vitro

    Published on: December 3, 2018

    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Optics
    • Microcirculation Imaging
    • Vascular Physiology

    Background:

    • Current optical coherence tomography (OCT) techniques, Doppler OCT and OCT angiography, have limitations in imaging hemodynamics.
    • Doppler OCT measures axial velocity in larger vessels, while OCT angiography assesses vascular morphology and perfusion.
    • Neither method can quantify red blood cell (RBC) velocity in capillaries due to transverse flow and single-file dynamics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop novel OCT methods for quantifying RBC velocity in capillaries.
    • To address the limitations of existing OCT techniques in microvascular flow assessment.
    • To provide additional hemodynamic insights in conditions like ischemic stroke.

    Main Methods:

    • A complex-valued OCT signal was decomposed into static scattering, dynamic scattering, and noise components.
    • RBC velocity was inferred from the time scale of random fluctuations in the dynamic scattering component.
    • Measurements were correlated with two-photon microscopy and analyzed during hypercapnia and distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO).

    Main Results:

    • The proposed OCT velocimetry methods demonstrated the potential to quantify RBC velocity in capillaries.
    • Measurements showed changes during induced hypercapnia, validating the technique.
    • OCT velocimetry provided unique insights into the ischemic stroke penumbra during dMCAO, beyond conventional OCT methods.

    Conclusions:

    • New OCT-based methods can quantify RBC velocity in capillaries, overcoming previous technological barriers.
    • These advancements offer a more comprehensive understanding of microvascular hemodynamics.
    • The developed OCT velocimetry holds promise for improved diagnostics and research in cerebrovascular diseases.