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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
Ureters01:22

Ureters

The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...
The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating urine...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models
10:19

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models

Published on: August 9, 2012

Engineering functional bladder tissues.

Maya Horst1, Srinivas Madduri, Rita Gobet

  • 1Laboratory for Urologic Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.

Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
|March 23, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tissue engineering aims to create functional bladder tissue for patients with end-stage bladder disease. Current challenges include achieving muscle alignment, innervation, and vascularization for physiologic voiding.

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A Decentralized (Ex Vivo) Murine Bladder Model with the Detrusor Muscle Removed for Direct Access to the Suburothelium during Bladder Filling

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

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A Decentralized (Ex Vivo) Murine Bladder Model with the Detrusor Muscle Removed for Direct Access to the Suburothelium during Bladder Filling
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A Decentralized (Ex Vivo) Murine Bladder Model with the Detrusor Muscle Removed for Direct Access to the Suburothelium during Bladder Filling

Published on: November 28, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Urology

Background:

  • End-stage bladder disease significantly impacts quality of life, often necessitating complex reconstructive surgery with associated complications.
  • Tissue engineering offers a promising alternative for creating functional bladder tissues for reconstruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of functional bladder tissue engineering.
  • To discuss approaches for enabling physiologic voiding in engineered bladder tissues.

Main Methods:

  • A collaborative review involving researchers from four institutions.
  • Comprehensive literature search of MEDLINE® and PubMed® for bladder tissue engineering studies.
  • Focus on cells, biomaterials, microenvironment, vascularization, and innervation strategies.

Main Results:

  • Significant advances in tissue engineering have enabled the creation of engineered bladder tissue structurally similar to native tissue.
  • Restoration of physiologic voiding in engineered bladder constructs remains a major challenge.
  • Key hurdles include achieving proper muscle alignment, innervation, and vascularization for contractile function.

Conclusions:

  • Engineering functional bladder tissue for physiologic voiding is complex.
  • Future success relies on integrating smart scaffolds, controlled topography, multiple trophic factors, and optimal cell sources.
  • Functional bladder tissues engineered for physiologic voiding are anticipated in the near future.