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Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
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Athermal arrayed waveguide gratings in silicon-on-insulator by overlaying a polymer cladding on narrowed arrayed

Linghua Wang1, Wim Bogaerts, Pieter Dumon

  • 1Photonics Research Group (INTEC), Ghent University–IMEC, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, 9000 Gent, Belgium. Linghua.wang@intec.ugent.be

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Summary

Athermal arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) were developed using silicon-on-insulator (SOI) and a polymer overlay. This novel design significantly reduces temperature-dependent wavelength shifts for stable optical device performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Materials Science
  • Optical Engineering

Background:

  • Arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) are crucial optical components.
  • Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology offers advantages for integrated photonics.
  • Temperature fluctuations can degrade the performance of AWGs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate athermal arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) for the first time.
  • To significantly reduce the wavelength temperature dependence of SOI AWGs.
  • To achieve athermal behavior with minimal performance degradation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized narrowed arrayed waveguides.
  • Applied a polymer overlay to the AWG structure.
  • Experimental characterization of device performance across varying temperatures.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a wavelength temperature dependence of -1.5 pm/°C, over an order of magnitude improvement.
  • Maintained low crosstalk (< -15 dB) and insertion loss (~2.6 dB) for the central channel.
  • Demonstrated stable device characteristics up to 75 °C.

Conclusions:

  • Successfully demonstrated the first athermal AWGs in SOI.
  • The polymer overlay effectively mitigates temperature-induced wavelength shifts.
  • The developed athermal AWGs are suitable for applications requiring stable optical performance over a range of temperatures.